馬文（1907年－2004年），廣東五華(hua)縣人，中(zhong)國(guo)兵工(gong)(gong)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)的開(kai)拓(tuo)者之一。1931年7月到瑞金參加中(zhong)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)農紅軍(jun)，同年10月，在中(zhong)央紅軍(jun)成立的官田兵工(gong)(gong)廠中(zhong)擔任職工(gong)(gong)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)長(chang)。后調(diao)任中(zhong)華(hua)全國(guo)總工(gong)(gong)會蘇區執行(xing)局國(guo)家企(qi)業(ye)(ye)部部長(chang)和軍(jun)事(shi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)長(chang)，延安八(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)印(yin)刷廠廠長(chang)、總后勤(qin)部軍(jun)事(shi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)處處長(chang)等職。
抗戰勝利后，馬文調任東(dong)北(bei)(bei)民主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)聯(lian)軍(jun)東(dong)安航空學(xue)校(xiao)第一政(zheng)委(wei)(wei)(wei)、東(dong)北(bei)(bei)軍(jun)區軍(jun)事工(gong)業部政(zheng)治(zhi)部副主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)計(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)軍(jun)工(gong)局(ju)(ju)(ju)局(ju)(ju)(ju)長、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)計(ji)劃(hua)委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會副主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任兼中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)國(guo)防(fang)工(gong)辦主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任等職。新(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)成(cheng)立(li)后，歷任中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央軍(jun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)空軍(jun)工(gong)程部政(zheng)委(wei)(wei)(wei)、北(bei)(bei)京航空學(xue)院(yuan)副院(yuan)長兼黨委(wei)(wei)(wei)副書(shu)記、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)機械工(gong)業計(ji)劃(hua)局(ju)(ju)(ju)局(ju)(ju)(ju)長、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)計(ji)劃(hua)委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會副主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任兼中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)國(guo)防(fang)工(gong)辦主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)視察室(shi)副主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任等職。
官(guan)田兵工廠是(shi)在(zai)極其艱(jian)難的(de)環境下建立起來的(de)。馬文作為職工委員會委員長，堅持以身作則，與(yu)工人同(tong)吃、同(tong)住、同(tong)勞動，在(zai)工人中威信很高。工廠經(jing)常開展勞動競賽，工人往往不領額(e)外報酬自覺加(jia)班加(jia)點，多次提(ti)前(qian)或超額(e)完成任務(wu)。
馬文為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠創建和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)生產(chan)生活(huo)(huo)做(zuo)了大量卓有(you)成效的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)覺悟很(hen)高，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)熱情高漲，但生活(huo)(huo)待遇(yu)微薄(bo)，每(mei)月工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)普遍(bian)在15－35元(yuan)之(zhi)間(jian)。1933 年(nian)初，6名(ming)熟(shu)悉車床操作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)上海工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)經(jing)地下(xia)黨動員到(dao)廠增強技術(shu)力量。由于(yu)條(tiao)件差，生活(huo)(huo)苦，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)緊張(zhang)，加之(zhi)認為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)待遇(yu)低（上海時(shi)言定每(mei)月工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)60 元(yuan)），以(yi)致工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)消極，雖經(jing)多(duo)次(ci)教育，仍然我(wo)(wo)行我(wo)(wo)素。經(jing)劉少奇介紹(shao)，馬文去當(dang)(dang)面請示(shi)毛(mao)主(zhu)席關于(yu)“上海技術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)參(can)加紅(hong)軍(jun)兵工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)薪(xin)問題”的(de)解(jie)決辦法。按照毛(mao)主(zhu)席教導的(de)思想(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)法，馬文認真做(zuo)6名(ming)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)思想(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，收到(dao)很(hen)好的(de)效果(guo)。這6名(ming)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)逐漸消除疑慮和抵(di)觸(chu)情緒，積極投身工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，向往進步，靠(kao)攏組織，還主(zhu)動提(ti)出把工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)減下(xia)來，與蘇區(qu)其他工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)享受一(yi)樣待遇(yu)。過了三個月，有(you)2人(ren)加入共產(chan)黨，在一(yi)次(ci)募捐(juan)大會上，他們還主(zhu)動把半年(nian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)全部捐(juan)出慰(wei)勞紅(hong)軍(jun)。
第五次反(fan)“圍剿(jiao)”失敗(bai)后(hou)，紅軍被迫進行戰(zhan)略轉移，兵工廠工人分三批突圍北(bei)上長征。馬文則奉(feng)命留在南方(fang)堅持游擊(ji)戰(zhan)爭，直到1938年才輾轉到達延安。
抗戰勝利后，馬文調(diao)任東(dong)北軍區(qu)軍事工業部，負責(ze)中南(nan)五省“三(san)線(xian)”的(de)軍事工廠(chang)和建設，監管空(kong)、海軍國防重要工程建設，為中南(nan)五省“三(san)線(xian)”的(de)軍工建設作出了重要的(de)貢獻。(來源/中國兵工報(bao)）